Kaidah Al Nahy dalam Qs. Al-Alaq: 9-12
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14825/f5k4y312Keywords:
Larangan, sighat dan kaidah -kaidahAbstract
This study examines the principle of al-nahy (prohibition) in the Qur’an as an essential framework for understanding and deepening the construction of legal rulings and moral messages contained within the sacred text. The discussion covers the definition of nahy, the various verbal forms (ṣīghāt) of prohibition, examples of prohibitive expressions in the Qur’an, as well as the urgency and foundational principles governing its interpretation. This research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach, analyzing relevant works in Qur’anic exegesis, uṣūl al-fiqh, and classical Arabic linguistics. The findings indicate that linguistically, nahy denotes a request to refrain from an action, while terminologically it signifies a definitive legal demand to abstain from a particular act. The common form of ṣīghat al-nahy appears in the imperfect verb preceded by the prohibitive particle lā, although prohibitions may also occur in declarative statements, expressions of warning, or narrative contexts conveying preventive meaning. The study further reveals that the interpretation of prohibition is not singular but depends on linguistic indicators (qarīnah), the context of revelation, and its correlation with other legal evidences. In principle, prohibition implies unlawfulness (ḥarām), entails legal invalidity (fasād), and may indicate a command toward its opposite, unless contextual evidence shifts its meaning to reprehensibility (makrūh) or ethical guidance (irshād). Therefore, a comprehensive integration of linguistic analysis, historical context, and principles of uṣūl al-fiqh is essential to avoid reductionist interpretations in legal determination.
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